Expanding-tool.



L. D. LOVEKINZ.

EXPANDING TOOL. AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA 28', 1902. NNNNNNNN I EEEEEEEEEEEEE 2.

PATENTED JULYZ'I, 190s.

' are preferably made tapering.

Patented July 21, 1903.

PATENT OFFICE.

LUTHER D. LOVEKIN, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

EXPANDING-TOOL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 734,272, dated July 21, 1903.

Application filed March 28,1902.

To a whom it WI/G/y concern:

Be it known that I, LUTHER DANIEL LOVE- KIN, of the city and county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented an Improvement in Expanding-Tools, of which the following is a specification.

My invention has reference to expandingtools; and it consists of certain improvements which are fully set forth in the following specification and shown in the accompanying drawings, which form a part thereof.

The object of my invention is to provide a simple and efficient tool capable of being easily and expeditiously handled for expanding valve-seat'bushings or other ring-pieces within annular grooves designed for their reception.

In carrying out my invention I provide a suitable mandrel adapted to be rotated in any convenient manner, the lower end of which is furnished with expanding-rollers which WVithin the mandrel I arrange a follower which carries upon its lower end a tapered roller adapted to press upon the expanding-rollers for the purpose of causing them to describe in their travel a greater or less circular path as the work may require and also to reduce their resistance to rotation upon their own axes. The tapered follower-roller and its follower-shaft are moved longitudinally through the mandrel by hand-operated means, which is manipulated While the act of expanding is being carried out by the expanding-rollers.

Combined with the expanding devices above mentioned I provide the mandrel with an annular pressure ring or shoe sleeved upon the-mandrel, so as to press down upon the valve-seat bushing to hold it in place while the mandrel is being rotated in the act of expanding the said bushing into place upon the machine or frame in which it is to be permanently located.

My invention comprehends, broadly, an expanding-tool having expanding devices combined with a holding-down shoe or clamping device to hold the annular ring or bushing to be expanded down to the seat made for its reception while it is being expanded to fit said seat.

It also consists of many details of construction and will be better understood by reference to the drawings, in which Serial No. 100,352. (No model.)

Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of my improved expanding-tool shown in the act of expanding avalve-seat bushing in a frame. Fig. 2 is a cross-section of the same on line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a cross-section of the same on line 3 3 of Fig. 1. Fig t is an end View, and Figs. 5 and 6 are sectional Views, showing the valve-seat bushing before and after being expanded.

2 is a-mandrel which is substantially a cylindrical body having at the bottom a tubular part 21 and at the top a shank by which it may be held and also rotated in cases where the Work cannot be rotated. The lower part 21 may be made detachable from the body of the mandrel, keyed thereto at 14, and held against longitudinal displacement by a set-screw 26. In the lower end of this tubular part 21 of the mandrel I arrange the expanding-rollers 3, preferably three in number, which are set into sockets 5, formed with curved walls, which hold the rollers from falling out of the mandrel. These expanding-rollers 3 are retained upon the mandrel by an annular plate 6, held to the bottom of the mandrel by screws 4. The surfaces of these rollers are exposed upon the outside of the mandrel, so as to operate upon the work to be expanded, and upon the inside of the mandrel, so as to be operated upon by the follower-roller 10, housed within the chamber '7 of the mandrel. This follower-roller 10 is tapered, with the smaller end downward, and acts upon the expanding-rollers 3 to press them apart, so that they are made to describe circles of gradually increasing diameters when desired in the expanding operation. The rollers 3 are also preferably tapered, but in the reverse direction to the rollers 10. WVhen the inner diameter of the work to be expanded is uniform, the taper of the rollers 3 and 10 is the same; but it would be diiferent were the inner surface of the bushing or ring to be expanded was not cylindrical and of uniform diameter, 'as will be readily understood.

The follower-roller 10 is loosely sleeved uponaspindle 9 of a follower-shaft 8 and held thereon by a nut and collar 12. When the roller 10 is retracted, it is inclosed Within the chamber 7, and is thus protected when out of use. The follower-roller is operated by the following devices: The middle portion of the mandrel is slotted, as at 13, and the upper portion of its body above the slot is screwthreaded and provided with a nut 17. A controller -ring 15, provided with suitable handles or parts for the operator to grasp, is loosely sleeved over the mandrel-body and journaled in bearings 16 on the mandrel and 18 on the nut 17. In this manner the controllerring may be freely rotated for purposes to be set out later 011. The mandrel-body is bored through almost to the shank and is fitted with the vertically-adjustable followershaft 8, having at its upper end a transverse key 20, which is guided in the slots 13 of the mandrel, so as to prevent it from turning, the ends of said key projecting beyond the mandrel-bod y and connecting with the controller-ring by screw-threads upon its outer ends engaging internal threads 19 on the interior face of the controller-ring. It will now be seen that by turning the controller-ring or holding it where the mandrel is rotated the follower-shaft will be caused to move longitudinally through the mandrel, and thereby impart a longitudinal movement to the follower-roller 10, located on the spindle of the said follower-shaft. Any other suitable means may be employed for imparting a longitudinal movement to the follower-roller, but that shown I hay e found most excellently adapted to the purpose and equally effective whether the mandrel is rotated 01' the work rotated or both rotated. While I have shown the controller-ring as provided with handles to turn it, an ordinary hand-wheel may be used instead, if preferred.

As the roller 10 is subjected to heavy strains in an upward direction when spreading the rollers 3 in expanding the valve-seat bushing or other work, I find it most advantageous to provide means to take this thrust with the least possible liability of wear from friction. To accomplish this, I provide the followershaft with several antifriction rings or collars 11, resting upon one another and between the end of the roller 10 and the shoulder upon the lower end of the said shaft, said rings or collars encircling the spindle 9. These rings or collars take up the end thrust of the roller and permit it to revolve freely under the action of the rotating expan'dingrollers \Vhile the roller 10 is carried upon the spindle 9, it need not fit the same tightly, as it is centered by the three expanding-rollers 3, and is therefore preferably made with some small provision for lateral play upon its spindle, as shown.

24 represents a valve-seat bushing of duetile metal and is shown in Fig. 1 as expanded to tightly fit its seat or receiving-groom 25 in its supporting casting or frame. In some cases this frame is very large, such as a portion of an engine structure, and cannot be rotated, in which case the mandrel is rotated; but where it is more convenient to rotate the said frame it may be attached to the faceplate of a lathe and the shank of the expanding tool secured in the tail stock and held against rotation.

It is important to hold the valve-seat bushing or ring 24 to its receiving-groove 25 when being expanded, and to do this I provide the annular shoe 22, which presses down upon the valve seat bushing 24. This shoe is sleeved upon the mandrel 2 and held from slipping off by screws 27. Between a shoulder on the mandrel and the upper or outer edge of the annular shoe 22 I prefer to arrange a series of rings or collars 23 to take up the wear and friction and permit the pressure of the mandrel to be applied to the stationary shoe without excessive resistance and loss of power. In place of the antifriction-rings 23 any of the usual antifriction devices, such as rollers or balls, may be used.

In Fig. 5 I have shown a section of the valve-seat bushing 24 and its receiving-groove 25, the latter being undercut and of a larger diameter than the valve seat bushing 24. In Figs. 1 and 6 I have shown these parts with the valve-seat bushing expanded and tightly fitting the groove 25.

My improved tool, while especially designed for expanding valve-seat bushings in the receiving-groove, may be used for expanding any other bushing or ring, the particular use being immaterial to my invention. I

\Vhile I prefer the construction herein set out, I do not confine myself to the details thereof, as they may be modified without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

In a tool for expanding bushings the combination of a mandrel having means to rotate it and an annular shoulder 21, expanding rollers loosely carried in the end of the mandrel, a longitudinally adjustable followershaft, hand-controlled means to feed the follower-shaft longitudinally in the mandrel carried by the mandrel, a tapered follower-roller carried upon the end of the shaft and acting to spread the expanding-rollers, antifrictionrings between the follower-roller and the end of the follower-shaft, a pressure-shoe carried by the mandrel having its pressure-surface in substantial transverse alinement with the ends of the expanding-rollers and with provision for relative rotary motion between the shoe and mandrel and positively pressed forward in the act of holding the mandrel up to the work,and flat antifriction-collars arranged between the shoe and annular shoulder of the mandrel.

In testimony of which invent-ion I have hereunto set my hand.

L. D. LOVEKIN.

\Vitnesses:

R. M. HUNTER, GEORGE H. EIMERT.

IIO 

